Background/aims:
Approximately 94 million people worldwide are living with the consequences of stroke. Hemiparesis and spasticity are among the main causes of motor impairment in stroke survivors, with at least 30% developing persistent spasticity after the event. The aim of this study was to investigate a single session of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (c-tDCS) on spasticity by examining somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) in stroke survivors.
Methods:
Fourteen chronic stroke survivors (55±14.1yrs; 81±29.2kg; 159.8±27.8cm) presenting ankle spasticity participated. Seven females and seven males, with 5 left- and 9 right-hemisphere lesions were included. They were randomly allocated into two groups: (1) active c-tDCS and (2) sham stimulation. Both groups received 15 minutes of stimulation over the somatosensory cortex (Cz) while performing lower-limb exercises. Spasticity levels were assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale (2.2±0.8), indicating moderate rigidity. SSEPs were recorded by electrically stimulating the tibial nerve and the responses recorded at Cz-Fz. A bandpass 1–30 Hz filter and visually inspected at 37ms latency after the stimulus artefact. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was performed to assess significance.
Results:
A significant time × group interaction was observed (p=0.01). Post-hoc Bonferroni comparisons revealed a significant reduction in SSEPs amplitude from pre (-25.4±30.2 µV) to post (-13.4±16.1µV) intervention (p=0.02) following active c-tDCS. In contrast, no significant change was detected in the sham group with SSEPs amplitudes remaining stable from pre (-18.6±19.3µV) to post (-20±17.1µV) intervention (p=0.12).
Conclusions:
A single session of c-tDCS applied over the somatosensory cortex reduced SSEPs, suggesting a potential reduction in spasticity.