Background: Post‑stroke fatigue is prevalent, debilitating and can persist for years, with currently no effective treatment available. We codesigned the psychoeducational ‘Rethinking Fatigue’ intervention. In this study, we aimed to evaluate intervention acceptability, usability and preliminary effectiveness.
Methods: We conducted a multiple-baseline single-case experimental design with community dwelling stroke survivors with fatigue. The study had 3 phases: (3-week baseline, 8-week intervention, 6-week follow-up). The intervention comprised 45-minute telehealth sessions (one/week) with a health professional, supplemented by a participant handbook. The primary outcome was fatigue assessed daily (0-10 VAS). Secondary outcomes (FSS‑7, EQ‑5D‑5L, Stroke Self‑Efficacy, NEADL, HADS, cognitive flexibility) were assessed at study inception, end baseline, end intervention, 6-week follow up. Qualitative interviews (Thematic Analysis) explored intervention acceptability, usability and perceived effects.
Results: All participants [n=9, median age 65 (IQR = 43-69) years, 67% female, mean time post-stroke 5.3 years) completed 100% of intervention sessions, rating the intervention as acceptable. Participants demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in fatigue VAS scores between baseline and follow-up (Tau-U = −0.34, 95% CI [−0.52, −0.16], p < 0.001) and improved quality of life (mean 0.06-point improvement EQ-5D). No other quantitative findings were significant. Qualitative findings highlighted changed understanding of fatigue including recognising fatigue as modifiable, improved metacognition through reflective learning cycles, and a transition to independent application of behaviour change strategies, resulting in reduced impact on daily life.
Conclusions: The Rethinking Fatigue intervention was acceptable, usable and indicated potential positive effects, supporting that testing in a larger controlled trial is warranted.